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Ê×Ïȱà¼httpd.conf. Õâ¸öÎļþÉèÖÃÁ˳£ÓõķþÎñÆ÷µÄÊôÐÔ: ¶Ë¿ÚºÅ, ×÷ΪÄĸöÓû§ÔËÐеȵÈ. È»ºó±à¼srm.confÎļþ; Õâ¸öÎļþÉèÖÃÁËÎĵµµÄ¸ùĿ¼Ê÷, ÌØÊâµÄ¹¦ÄÜÈçserver-parsed HTML»òinternal imagemap parsingµÈµÈ. ×îºó, ±à¼access.confÎļþ×îÉÙÒªÉèÖ÷ÃÎʵĻù±¾ÇéÐÎ.
³ýÁËÕâÈý¸öÎļþ, ·þÎñÆ÷µÄÐÐΪҲ¿ÉÒÔÒ»¸öĿ¼һ¸öĿ¼µÄÔÚ·þÎñÆ÷·ÃÎʵÄĿ¼ÏÂÓÉ .htaccessÎļþÉèÖÃ.
ÕýÈ·ÉèÖÃÄãµÄϵͳʱ¼ä!
¹«¹²·þÎñÆ÷µÄÕý³£¹¤×÷ÐèҪ׼ȷµÄʱ¼ä, ÒòΪHTTPÐÒéµÄÔªËØ(element)ÊÇÓÃÒ»ÌìÖеÄʱ¼ä(the time of day)À´±íʾµÄ. ËùÒÔ, ±ØÐëµ÷²éNTP»òÆäËûһЩUnixÉϵÄͬ²½ÉèÊ©, »òºÍËüÃǵȼ۵ÄNTÉϵÄÉèÖÃ.
¿ªÊ¼ÔËÐкÍÖÐÖ¹·þÎñÆ÷
Òª¿ªÊ¼ÔËÐзþÎñÆ÷Ö»Ðè¼òµ¥µØÔËÐÐhttpd. Ëü»áÔÚ±àÒëÈëϵͳµÄλÖÃÕÒµ½httpd.confÎļþ(ÃþÈÏΪ /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf). Èç¹û´ËÎļþÔÚ±ðµÄµØ·½,Äã¿ÉÒÔÓÃ-f ²ÎÊý¸ø³öÆäλÖÃ. ÀýÈç:
/usr/local/apache/httpd -f /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
Èç¹ûÒ»ÇÐ˳Àû,¾Í»áÁ¢¼´·µ»Øµ½ÃüÁîÐÐÌáʾ·ûÏÂ. Õâ±íʾ·þÎñÆ÷ÒѾÆô¶¯²¢¿ªÊ¼ÔËÐÐÁË. Èç¹ûÔÚ³õʼ»¯·þÎñÆ÷ʱ³ö´í,ÄãÔÚÆÁÄ»Éϻῴµ½Ò»¸ö´íÎóÐÅÏ¢. Èç¹û·þÎñÆ÷Õý³£Æô¶¯ÁË, ÄãÏÖÔھͿÉÒÔÓÃä¯ÀÀÆ÷Á¬½Óµ½ÄãµÄ·þÎñÆ÷²¢¿ÉÒÔä¯ÀÀÁË. Èç¹ûÄãÊÇÔÚ°²×°·þÎñÆ÷µÄͬһ̨»úÆ÷Éϲ¢ÇÒÓÃĬÈ϶˿Ú80, Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚä¯ÀÀÆäÖÐʹÓÃURL:
http://localhost/
×¢Òâ,·þÎñÆ÷Æô¶¯ºó,»á´´½¨Ò»ÏµÁеÄ×Ó½ø³ÌÀ´ÏìÓ¦ÇëÇó. Èç¹ûÄãÒÔrootÀ´Æô¶¯µÄ·þÎñÆ÷,¸±½ø³Ì»áÒ»Ö±ÒÔrootÔËÐÐ,¶ø×Ó½ø³Ì»áÇл»µ½httpd.confÎļþÉèÖõÄÓû§ÔËÐÐ.
Èç¹ûµ±ÄãÔËÐÐhttpdʱ, Ëü¸ø³ö²»ÄÜ"°ó¶¨"µ½Ò»¸öµØÖ·ÐÅÏ¢, ÄÇô»òÕßÊÇÆäËûµÄ½ø³ÌÒѾÔÚʹÓÃÄãΪApacheÅäÖõĶ˿Ú, »òÕßÊÇÄãÒÔÒ»¸öÆÕͨÓû§µÄÉí·ÝÔËÐÐ httpdµ«È´ÊÔͼʹÓÃ1024ÒÔϵĶ˿Ú(ÀýÈçȱʡ¶Ë¿Ú80).
Èç¹û·þÎñÆ÷²»ÄÜÔËÐÐ, ¿´¿´µ±ÄãÔËÐÐhttpdʱÏÔʾµÄ´íÎóÐÅÏ¢. ÄãÒ²Ó¦¼ì²é·þÎñÆ÷µÄ´íÎóÈÕÖ¾ ÒԵõ½Ò»Ð©¸½¼ÓµÄÐÅÏ¢(ÔÚȱʡÇé¿öÏÂ, ´íÎóÈÕÖ¾»áÔÚlogsĿ¼ÏÂ).
Èç¹ûÄãÏ£ÍûÖØÆðºó·þÎñÆ÷×Ô¶¯ÔËÐÐ, Äã±ØÐëÔÚÄãµÄÆô¶¯ÎļþÖмÓÒ»¸öhttpdµ÷ÓÃ(Ò»°ãÊÇ rc.local»òÔÚrc.N Ŀ¼ÏµÄÒ»¸öÎļþ). ÕâÑù¾Í»áÒÔrootÆô¶¯Apache. ÔÚÕâÑù×ö֮ǰ,Äã±ØÐë±£Ö¤ÄãµÄ·þÎñÆ÷ÒѾΪ°²È«ºÍ·ÃÎÊȨÏÞ×öºÃÁËÅäÖÃ.
ÒªÖÐÖ¹Apache¸ø¸¸½ø³Ì·¢ËÍÒ»¸öTERMÐźÅ. Õâ¸ö½ø³ÌµÄPID±»Ð´ÔÚlogsĿ¼ÏµÄhttpd.pidÎļþÀï(³ý·Ç±»ÁíÍâÅäÖùý). ²»Òª³¢ÊÔɱËÀ×Ó½ø³ÌÒòΪËüÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ±»¸¸½ø³Ì¸üÐÂ. Ò»¸öµäÐ͵ÄÖÐÖ¹·þÎñÆ÷µÄÃüÁîÊÇ:
kill -TERM `cat /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid`
ΪÁ˵õ½¸ü¶àµÄ¹ØÓÚApacheÃüÁîÐÐÑ¡Ïî,ÅäÖúÍÈÕÖ¾µÄÐÅÏ¢, Çë¿´Starting Apache. Ò»¸öËùÓйØÓÚApacheËù·¢²¼µÄÄ£¿éÖ§³ÖµÄApache directives µÄ·ÃÎÊÊÖ²á, Çë¿´Apache directives.
±àÒëÖ§³Ö³ÌÐò(Support program)
³ýÁËÇ°Ãæ±àÒëºÍÅäÖõÄ×îÖ÷ÒªµÄhttpd·þÎñÆ÷Íâ, Apache»¹°üº¬Á˺ܶàÖ§³Ö³ÌÐò. ÕâЩ²»»áȱʡµÄ±»±àÒë. ÕâЩ֧³Ö³ÌÐò±»·ÅÔÚsupportĿ¼ÏÂ. Òª±àÒëËüÃÇ, Çл»µ½¸ÃĿ¼ÏÂÈ»ºó¼üÈë:
make
¿ªÊ¼Ê¹Óà Apache
µ÷ÓÃ Apache
ÔÚ Unix ϵͳÖÐ, httpd Ó¦ÓóÌÐòͨ³£ÊÇ×÷Ϊһ¸ö³ÖÐøÔËÐеÄÊغî½ø³ÌÀ´´¦ÀíÇëÇóµÄ.¿ÉÒÔʹÓà Internet daemon inetd À´µ÷Óà Apache ²¢Ã¿´Î½« HTTP ×÷Ϊ·þÎñÀ´´´½¨Á¬½Ó. (ʹÓÃServerTypeÀ´Ö¸Ê¾) È»¶øÕâ²¢²»±»ÍƼöʹÓÃ.
ÔÚ Windows ϵͳÖÐ, Apache ͨ³£ÊÇ×÷Ϊ Windows NT µÄÒ»¸ö·þÎñÀ´ÔËÐÐ, »òÕßÒ²¿ÉÒÔ×÷Ϊһ¸ö¿ØÖÆ̨ӦÓóÌÐòÔÚ Windows 95 ÉÏÔËÐÐ. Áí¼ûÔÚ Windows ƽ̨ÔËÐÐ Apache.
ÃüÁîÐÐÑ¡Ïî
ÒÔϵÄÑ¡ÏîÊÇÓÐ¹Ø httpd ·þÎñµÄÃüÁîÐвÎÊý:
-d ·þÎñÆ÷µÄ¸ù·¾¶
ΪServerRoot variable to serverrootÉèÖóõʼֵ. ËüÒ²¿ÉÒÔ±»ÅäÖÃÎļþÖÐ ServerRoot ÃüÁîµÄ³õʼֵÌæ´ú. ÔÚ Unix ϵͳÖÐȱʡµÄĿ¼ÊÇ /usr/local/apache, ÔÚ Windows ƽ̨ÊÇ/apache ÔÚOS/2ƽ̨ÊÇ/os2httpd.
-D Ãû³Æ
¶¨ÒåÒ»¸öÃû³ÆIfDefine directives. Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔ±»ÓÃÀ´ÔÚÅäÖÃÎļþÖÐËæʱÆôÓÃÈ·¶¨µÄ¹¦ÄÜ, »òÕßΪ¼¸¸ö¶ÀÁ¢Ö÷»úʹÓÃÒ»¸ö±»¸¶ÉϵÄÖ÷»úÌØÊâÐÅÏ¢<IfDefine> ¶ÎÂä.
-f ÅäÖÃ
ÔÚÆô¶¯Ê±Ö´ÐÐÃüÁîÅäÖÃ. Èç¹ûÅäÖÃÖв»ÊÇÒÔ/·ûºÅ¿ªÊ¼µÄ, Ëü½«´ú±íÊÇServerRootµÄ×ÓĿ¼. ȱʡÊÇconf/httpd.conf.
-C "ָʾ"
·¢³öÒ»¸öָʾ¸ø Apache ·þÎñÆ÷(ËüÊÇÅäÖÃÎļþµÄÒ»²¿·Ö) ÔÚʵ¼Ê¶ÁÈ¡¹æÔòÅäÖÃÎļþ֮ǰ.
-C "ָʾ"
·¢³öÒ»¸öָʾ¸ø apache ·þÎñÆ÷ÔÚ¶ÁÈ¡ÅäÖÃÎļþÖ®ºó.
-X
ÒÔµ¥´¦ÀíÆ÷·½Ê½ÔËÐÐ, ֻΪÁËÄÚ²¿µ÷ÊÔÄ¿µÄ; Õâ¸öÊغî½ø³Ì²»ÄÜͨ¹ýÈκÎ×Ó½ø³Ì²úÉú.²»Óà ÕâÖÖģʽÌṩÆÕͨ WWW ·þÎñ.
-v
Êä³ö httpd °æ±¾ºÍʱ¼äÖ®ºóÍ˳ö.
-V
ÏÔʾ httpdµÄ°æ±¾, ËüµÄ·¢ÐÐʱ¼ä, ±àÒëʱ¼äÉèÖúÍ(ÆäËûÈ»ºó½áÊø, -DUSE_MMAP_FILES).
-L
Êä³öÖ¸ÁîÁÐ±í²¢ÏÔʾÄÇЩÓÐЧȻºóÍ˳ö.(Apache 1.3.4 ¼°ÒÔºó°æ±¾. ÒÔÇ°°æ±¾Ê¹Óà -l).
-l
Áгö±àÒëÔÚ Server ÖеÄÄ£¿éÁбíÈ»ºóÀ뿪. (Apache 1.3.4 ¼°ÒÔºó°æ±¾. ÔçÆڰ汾ʹÓà -h).
Êä³öÖ¸ÁîÁÐ±í²¢ÏÔʾÄÇЩÓÐЧȻºóÍ˳ö. (´Ó Apache 1.2 µ½ 1.3.3. ÒÔÇ°°æ±¾Ê¹Óà -L).
-h
ÏÔʾ³ö httpd Ñ¡ÏîÁбíÈ»ºóÍ˳ö. (Apache 1.3.4 ¼°ÒÔºó°æ±¾. ÔçÆڰ汾ʹÓà -? ).
Áгö±àÒëÔÚ Server ÖеÄÄ£¿éÁбíÈ»ºóÀ뿪. (Ö±µ½ Apache 1.3.3. ÒÔºó°æ±¾Ê¹Óà -l).
-S
Ϊ·ÖÎöÅäÖÃÎļþµÄÄ¿µÄÏÔʾÉèÖà (µ±Ç°Ö»ÏÔʾ±ÀÀ£µÄÐéÄâÖ÷»úÉèÖÃ), µ«²»»áÆô¶¯·þÎñÆ÷. (Ö±µ½ Apache 1.3.3, Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÒ²¿ÉÒÔÆô¶¯·þÎñÆ÷).
-t
²âÊÔÅäÖÃÎļþÓï·¨ (¼È¶ÁËùÓÐÅäÖÃÎļþ²¢½âÊÍ) µ«²»Æô¶¯·þÎñÆ÷. Èç¹ûÅäÖÃÎļþ°üº¬´íÎó, ½«ÏÔʾ´íÎóÐÅÏ¢²¢´ø×ÅÒ»¸ö·ÇÁã²ÎÊý·µ»Ø, ·ñÔò½«ÏÔʾ "Óï·¨ÕýÈ·" ²¢·µ»ØÒ»¸öÁã²ÎÊý.
-k Ñ¡Ïî
½öΪ Windows ƽ̨ʹÓÃ: ±ê¼Ç Apache ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯»ò¹Ø±Õ. Ñ¡Ïî ÊÇ "¹Ø±Õ" »ò "ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯" Ö®Ò». (Apache 1.3.3 ºÍÒÔºó°æ±¾).
-?
ÏÔʾ³ö httpd Ñ¡ÏîÁбíÈ»ºóÍ˳ö. (Ö±µ½ Apache 1.3.3£¬ÒÔºó°æ±¾Ê¹Óà -h).
ÅäÖÃÎļþ
·þÎñÆ÷ΪÅäÖÃÖ¸Á¶ÁÈý¸öÎļþ. ÈκÎÖ¸Á¿ÉÄܳöÏÖÔÚËüÃǵÄÈÎÒ»¸öÖÐ. ËüÃǵÄÃû³ÆÓë·þÎñÆ÷µÄ¸ùĿ¼ÓйØ; Õâ±»ServerRootÉèÖÃ, -d ÃüÁîÐбê¼Ç, »ò (½öµ± windows ƽ̨µÄ×¢²á±í) (Çë²Î¼ûÔÚ Windows ƽ̨ÔËÐÐ Apache). ÕâЩÎļþÊÇ:
conf/httpd.conf
°üº¬·þÎñÊغî½ø³ÌµÄ¿ØÖÆÖ¸Áî. ÎļþÃû¿ÉÒÔ²»¹Ë-fÃüÁîÐбê¼Ç. |
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