移动类型       Translated by   baiboyd.itpub.net    2007年6月

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The Movement Type Concept
移动类型的概念

What Is a Movement Type?
什么是移动类型？

When you enter a goods movement in the system, you must enter a movement type to differentiate between the various goods movements. A movement type is a three-digit identification key for a goods movement. The following table contains examples of movement types.
当你在SAP系统输入一个货物移动时，你必须输入一个移动类型来区分不用的货物移动。一个移动类型是由3个数字组成的检索表。下表中包含了几个移动类型的例子。

Goods Movements and Movement Types 货物移动与移动类型

Control Functions of the Movement Type
移动类型的控制功能

The movement type has important control functions in Inventory Management.
在库存管理中，移动类型有着重要的控制功能。

For example, the movement type plays an important role in
例如，移动类型扮演着这样的角色：

updating of quantity fields
数量值的更新

updating of stock and consumption accounts
库存及消耗科目的更新

• determining which fields are displayed during entry of a document in the system
  决定在系统输入一个凭证时，哪一个栏位会被显示

Results of a Good Movement in the System
货物移动在系统中产生的结果

Use 用法

When you enter a goods movement, you start the following chain of events in the system:
当你输入一个货物移动时，你便开始了如下一系列的事件：

A material document is generated, which is used as proof of the movement and as a source of information for any other applications involved.
一个物料凭证会被创建，可以被用来作为移动的证明，及作为其它任何相关应用的一个信息来源。

If the movement is relevant for Financial Accounting, one or more accounting documents are generated.
如果移动跟财务会计有关，同时还会另外产生一个或多个会计凭证。

The stock quantities of the material are updated.
物料的库存数量被更新

• The stock values in the material master record are updated, as are the stock and consumption accounts.
  物料主数据的库存价值被更新，例如库存及消耗科目

Depending on the movement type, additional updates are carried out in participating applications. All updates are based on the information contained in the material document and the financial accounting document. For example, in the case of a goods issue for a cost center, the consumption values of the items are also updated.
根据移动类型，在参与的应用中会产生额外的数据更新。所有的更新都是基于包含在物料凭证及会计凭证的信息的。例如，有关成本中心的发货，行项目中的消耗值也同样会更新。

Use of movement type
移动类型的使用

Inventory Management (MM-IM)
库存管理 (MM-IM)

Classification key indicating the type of material movement (for example, goods receipt, goods issue, physical stock transfer).
分类码指定了物料移动的类型（例如，收货，发货，库存转储）

The movement type enables the system to find predefined posting rules determining how the accounts of the financial accounting system (stock and consumption accounts) are to be posted and how the stock fields in the material master record are to be updated.
移动类型能够激发系统去查找过帐规则，以确定财务会计系统的科目（库存及消耗科目）如何记帐，以及物料主数据中的库存值如何更新。

Logistics Execution (LE)
后勤执行 (LE)

Classification key used in the Warehouse Management system to describe a stock movement within a warehouse complex (warehouse number).
分类码在仓库管理系统中用来描述在一个复杂的仓库（仓库号）中的库存移动

Industry-Specific Components for Hospitals (IS-H)
用于医院的特定行业组件 (IS-H) (略)

Classification of a movement category.

By way of an example, the movement category 'admission' can have the movement types

• Self-referral

• Referral by general practitioner

• Admission via emergency physician's car

• Transfer from external hospital

Copy, Change Movement Types
复制，更改移动类型

In this step, you can
在这个步骤中，你可以

• change the setting of existing movement types
  修改已存在的移动类型的设置

• define new movement types
  定义新的移动类型

When you enter a goods movement, you must always enter the movement type. The movement type has important control functions in Inventory Management. It is essential for
当你输入一个货物移动，你始终必须输入一个移动类型。移动类型在库存管理中有着重要的控制功能。它对下列动作是必不可少的：

• updating the quantity fields
  更新数量栏位

• updating the stock and consumption accounts
  更新库存及消耗科目

• selection of the fields used for entering documents
  选定用于输入凭证的字段

• printing goods receipt/issue slips
  打印收货/发货标签

At the end of this document, a short description of the movement types defined in the Standard configuration is contained under Further information.

Note 注意

You have already completed the settings of the existing movement types in other steps. This means that, normally, you do not need to maintain the existing movement types.
在其它步骤中，你已经完成了现有的移动类型的设置。意思是说，通常地，你没有必要去维护已有的移动类型。

The various control indicators for the movement types are divided into several views in this step (for example, entry control, posting control). You can find the relevant control indicators in each view.
在这个步骤中，不同的移动类型控制标识分别存在于几个视图中（例如，输入控制，过帐控制）。你可以在各个视图中定义相关的控制标识。

As some control indicators do not only depend on the movoment type, but also on other parameters (for example, debit/credit indicator, special stock indicator, indicator for updating quantities and values), you may find several entries for a movement type for certain views. These entries are necessary to cover all possible data constellations in the system.
一些控制标识不仅取决于移动类型，而且还跟其它因素（例如，借/贷标识，特殊库存标识，数量和价值更新标识）有关，你可以在不同视图中找到一个移动类型的几个条目。这些条目必须含盖系统中遍布的所有可能的数据。

Standard Settings
标准设置

In the standard system, movement types are preset for all transactions/events.
在标准系统中，移动类型为所有的事务/事件预置好了。

Recommendations
建议

SAP recommends that you accept the settings defined in the standard system. In this case, no action is required on your part.
SAP推荐你认可标准系统中定义好的设置。在这种情况下，你不必作任何改动。

However, if you have to define new movement types, it is recommended that you create these movement types with reference to an existing movement type. In doing so, you do not have to manually maintain the control indicators.
当然，如果你必须定义新的移动类型，建议你参考已有的移动类型来创建这些新的移动类型。如此一来，你就不必手动去维护那些控制标识了。

Activities
作业

Check whether you can use the preset movement types.
检查你能否使用系统预置的移动类型。

If not, define new movement types as follows:
如果没有，你可以根据下列步骤定义新的移动类型：

1. Once you have carried out the activity, the system displays a dialog box for field selection. In this, you can restrict the movement types you work with to various fields. To copy a movement type, select the field Movement type and choose Continue. The dialog box Define work area appears.
首先执行这个操作(事务代码：OMJJ)，系统弹出字段选择对话框。在这里，你可以使用几个字段作为条件来限定移动类型的范围。复制一个移动类型，要选定 移动类型 字段和选择继续 按钮。出现确定工作区对话框。

2. In the dialog box Define work area, enter the movement type you want to copy in the From: field. In the To: field, enter the name of the movement type that you want to recreate. To go to the overview of the selected movement types, choose Continue.
在确定工作区对话框中，输入你想复制的移动类型的范围（从：到：），选择 继续 按钮。

3. Select the movement type you want to copy, and choose Edit -> Copy as .
Overtype the selected movement type with the new movement type (beginning with 9, X, Y, or Z) and copy all dependent entries.
选定你想复制的移动类型，选择 编辑 -> 复制为… 。
将选定的移动类型改写为新的移动类型（以9, X, Y, 或Z 打头），及 复制所有 附属的条目。

The system copies all control indicators from the reference movement type to the new movement type.
系统将从参考的移动类型中复制所有的控制标识到新的移动类型中。

4. Check all views for the new movement type and, if necessary, change the control indicators. Please note that some views have a detail screen.
检查新移动类型的所有视图，如果有必要，可以修改控制标识。注意一些视图会有一个详细的屏幕。

5. Copy the reversal movement type and enter it in the view Reversal/follow-on movement types.
复制冲销移动类型，及在 回转/后续移动类型 视图中维护这个冲销的移动类型。

6. Save your settings.
保存你的设置。

@1A@Caution 警告

Movement types have an important control function. In particular, they play a major role in updating the stock quantity and stock value in the material master record. Changing some of the indicators (such as the quantity string or value string) is considered a modification. Please note that update errors resulting from incorrect settings for a movement type are modification-based errors and as such cannot be corrected by the SAP Hotline.
移动类型有一个重要的控制功能。特别地，它们在物料主记录的库存数量和库存价值更新中，扮演着主要的角色。更改一些控制标识（比如数量串和价值串）会被认为是一个（评估）修改。请注意从一个错误的移动类型的设置中出现的，基于（评估）修改的新的错误结果，而且这个结果无法通过SAP Hotline（SAP热线）来修正的。