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数据块损坏的时候可以用来修复
Subject: SUPTOOL: BBED - 7.3.2+ Database Block Editor
Creation Date: 02-JUL-1998
BBED (Block Browser/Editor)
----------------------------
1. Getting access to BBED:
BBED is shipped with Oracle8 releases, and with some Oracle7.3 releases.
On UNIX the tool needs to be built using a command of the form:
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
make -f ins_rdbms.mk $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/bbed
OR to build in the bn directory:
make -f ins_rdbms.mk BBED=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed
On Windows NT a BBED.EXE is shipped as an executable and so is password
protected. This password protection is present on Unix from 8.1.6 onwards.
Using BBED:
~~~~~~~~~~~
A. Command-line Parameters:
DATAFILE=file to browse/edit
BLOCKSIZE=<in bytes>
MODE=browse/edit
REVERT=y[es]/n[o]
SILENT=y[es]/n[o]
SPOOL=y[es]/n[o]
LISTFILE=list_of_files filename (see format below)
CMDFILE=command filename
BIFILE=before-image file (default is bifile.bbd)
LOGFILE=user logfile (default is log.bbd)
PARFILE=parfile
REVERT
use specified (or default) BIFILE to revert changes made in a previous
user session. MODE must be EDIT, all files that were modified in that
session must be writable.
LOGFILE:
appended to an existing file.
LISTFILE format:
<file#> <filename> <file size in bytes (optional)>
e.g. 1 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/systV713.dbf 26214400
2 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/rbsV713.dbf 15728640
CMDFILE format:
one command per line (newline is command separator).
use "#" to put in comments, that are ignored by BBED.
if QUIT/EXIT command is encountered BBED exits, otherwise it
goes into interactive mode after executing the file.
B. Implemented commands:
SET [IBASE | OBASE | DBA | OFFSET | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | MODE |
EDIT | WIDTH | BLOCKSIZE | LIST[FILE] | COUNT | SPOOL ]
SHOW [any of the above SET parameters | STACK | ALL]
MAP [/v] [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK]
COPY [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK] TO [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK]
*DUMP [/v] [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | COUNT]
*MODIFY [/x|d|u|o|c] <numeric/char string>
[DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | <off spec>]
*ASSIGN [/x|d|u|o] [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | <off spec>]
=
[<value> | DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | <off spec>]
*FIND [/x|d|u|o|c] <numeric/char string> [TOP | CURR]
*PRINT [/f codes] [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | <off spec>]
*EXAMINE [/Nuf codes] [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | <off spec>]
PUSH [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET]
POP [ALL]
INFO [FILES]
UNDO
REVERT [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | ALL]
*VERIFY [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
HELP
[CHECK]SUM [DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK] [APPLY]
HOST or "!"(Unix), "$"(VMS), etc.
* can be abbreviated by one letter (X for EXAMINE).
- [CHECK]SUM means either CHECKSUM or SUM are valid keywords.
o SET BLOCK or DBA with no arguments just rereads the current block.
o SHOW STACK displays the locations (dba, offset) that were PUSHed.
o IBASE/OBASE are set to decimal by default. Use base switches [/xduoc] or
explicit bases to override. Explicit bases have the highest precedence:
Hexadecimal (prefix) = 0x e.g. 0x1234abcdef
Octal (prefix) = 0o e.g. 0o1234567
Decimal (suffix) = . e.g. 1234567890.
o DUMP/EXAMINE are physical browsing commands, PRINT is logical browsing.
o MODIFY is for physical editing (a la Orapatch). MODE must be set to EDIT to
allow editing. All edits are written immediately to disk (no buffering).
o FIND searches only the current block. Use TOP to start search at top of
block, CURR (default) from current offset. Typing just FIND (or F) continues
looking for the same string.
o ASSIGN <target> = <source> does symbolic assignment, with type and range
checking. Either <target> or <source> can be omitted, for the current offset.
e.g. ASSIGN =dba 4, 2 ktbbhitl[0]
-- assigns struct at current offset to dba 4, 2 's first itl entry
o COPY <source block> TO <target block> does a physical block copy.
Either target or source can be omitted, if the current block is intended.
e.g. COPY TO BLOCK 10 -- copies current block onto block 10
o UNDO rolls back the last modify/assign command issued. The undo itself can
be undone by another UNDO command.
o REVERT rolls back all changes made in the current session, then clears the
current BIFILE.
o VERIFY runs dbverify on a block or a file.
e.g. VERIFY FILE; -- verifies the current file
o PRINT/EXAMINE switches (/):
/Nuf - where:
N - a number which specifies a repeat COUNT.
u - a letter which specifies a UNIT SIZE:
b - b1, ub1 (byte)
h - b2, ub2 (half-word)
w - b4, ub4 (word)
l - b4, ub4 (long), will become b8/ub8 in Oracle8.
r - Oracle table/index row
f - a letter which specifies a DISPLAY format:
x - hex
d - signed decimal
u - unsigned decimal
o - octal
c - character
n - Oracle Number
t - Oracle Date
i - Oracle Rowid
e.g. /10bx - means 10 bytes in hex format.
/rx - means 1 row with all columns in hex format.
/r2cn - means 1 row, first 2 cols in char, remaining cols in Oracle
number format.
Note: PRINT uses only [/f] since it deals with logical units.
EXAMINE uses [/Nuf].
o OFFSET SPECIFIER:
BBED is flexible in how you specify the offset at which you want to operate:
Numeric - a direct byte offset e.g. 59
Symbolic - name of a symbol e.g. kdbr[3]
Indirect - value stored at this location e.g. *59 or *kdbr[3]]
e.g. SET OFFSET *kdbr[18] -- takes you to the start of the 19th row.
SET OFFSET kdbr[18] -- takes you to the 19th row directory entry.
o PUSH/POP allow traversal of list structures e.g. block free list.
C. Getting started:
(1) Create a listfile containing all files in the database:
e.g. files.lst:
1 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/systV713.dbf 26214400
2 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/rbsV713.dbf 15728640
3 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/tempV713.dbf 10485760
4 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/usrV713.dbf 20971520
6 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/users_2V713.dbf 5242880
7 /home/vsrihari/corahome/dbs/vhsV713.dbf 102400
(2) Create a parfile with starting options:
e.g. par.bbd:
blocksize=4096
listfile=/private3/vsrihari/vs73/utl/bbed/files.lst
mode=edit
(filename or file to open, default is file 1)
(3) Invoke BBED:
bbed parfile=par.bbd
D. Test Runs:
Currently only data blocks (table and index) are supported.
(1) View block data structures:
set dba 4, 1000 -- file, block of data block to view
map -- gives you high level view of block
map /v -- more detailed view
p ktbbh -- look at ktbbh contents
p ktbbh.ktbbhitl[1] -- look at the second itl (if one exists)
p *kdbr[0] -- look at the start of row 1
p *kdbh.kdbhfseo -- end of freespace i.e. start of rowdata
p /* -- prints entire block
p kdxle -- prints index leaf data header
set dba *kdxlenxt -- switch to next leaf block
(2) View index (leaf/branch), data (table/cluster) rows:
BBED>x /rni *kdxle_off[20] -- view a leaf row, with number, rowid cols
rowdata[2769] @3775
-------------
flag@3775: 0x00 ()
lock@3776: 0x00
data key:
col 0[3]: 7782
col 1[6]: 0x100002cb.0x0030 (4,715.48)
BBED> push dba 0x100002cb off *kdbr[48] -- goto this rowid, push curr
DBA 0x100002cb (268436171)
OFFSET 2609
BBED> x /r -- view the row
rowdata[1929] @2609
-------------
flag@2609: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@2610: 0x00
cols@2611: 8
col 0[3] @2612: 0xc2 0x4e 0x53
col 1[5] @2616: 0x43 0x4c 0x41 0x52 0x4b
col 2[7] @2622: 0x4d 0x41 0x4e 0x41 0x47 0x45 0x52
col 3[3] @2630: 0xc2 0x4f 0x28
col 4[7] @2634: 0x77 0xb5 0x06 0x09 0x01 0x01 0x01
col 5[3] @2642: 0xc2 0x19 0x33
col 6[0] @2646: *NULL*
col 7[2] @2647: 0xc1 0x0b
BBED> x /rn2cntn -- set the datatypes
rowdata[1929] @2609
-------------
flag@2609: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@2610: 0x00
cols@2611: 8
col 0[3] @2612: 7782
col 1[5] @2616: CLARK
col 2[7] @2622: MANAGER
col 3[3] @2630: 7839
col 4[7] @2634: 09-JUN-81
col 5[3] @2642: 2450
col 6[0] @2646: *NULL*
col 7[2] @2647: 10
BBED> pop -- restore old block |
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发表于 2005-8-30 17:47
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