同学笔记:OracleAS 10g(9.0.4) Concepts

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[B]OracleAS Discoverer[/B]
OracleAS Discoverer is an intuitive ad-hoc query,reporting,analysis and Web publishing tool.
说白了就是支持hierarchical,drill等一集开发,多种图形化报表显示,部署于一身的工具.不多看.
贴个图了事.

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下图显示的是其Architecture.
End User Layer(EUL)

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[B]OracleAS Personalization[/B]
有了Metadata repository,做这功能简单. 连PUB都有N多个性化订制.
贴个图了事.

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[B]Chapter6 OracleAS Integration[/B][/COLOR]
ProcessConnect(流程连结)
[B]Introduction to OracleAS Integration[/B]

企业Integration的需求来自于以下因素的驱动:
■ 企业合并或需求导致了多种不同的信息系统需要连通.
■ 支不同业务的应用程序之间需要连接到一起,以按企业的组织业务流程来运行.
■ 合并后通过业务流程重组可以提高效率.

[What is Oracle Application Server ProcessConnect?]
OracleAS processConnect is a single,standards-based,event-driven business process automation solution that is designed to integrate data, applications, and business processes within the enterprise and between companies.
它是作为OracleAS的一个基本组件的,采用了以下标准技术:
■ Java 2 Environment,Enterprise Edition(J2EE)
■ Java Messaging Services(JMS)
■ J2EE Connector Architecture(JCA)
■ Web services
■ RosettaNet
■ EDIX12
■ EDIFACT

OracleAS ProcessConnect设计中的第一基本要素:
使不同的系统可以通过公用的数据格式和语义集成到一起.

OracleAS ProcessConnect设计中的第二基本要素:
使用基于模块的方法而不是用programmatic方法来实现第一要素(今后programmers可能会没饭吃?).模块内的元素都定义了以下概念:
1. Events
2. Roles and processes
3. Agreements

并且可以一个可视化工具中完成以下任务:
1. Model events,roles and processes,and agreements
2. Add the nessary data translations, transformations, and correlations to complete the definition of the business process.
3. Save the design in a design-time repository.
4. Validate the complete business process design.
5. Deploy valid designs to a runtime repository.

OracleAS ProcessConnect Integration Manager(runtime)负责在运行期间做以下事情:
1. Manage events.
2. Carry out translations and transformations.
3. Validate and route information flowing through the system.
4. Correlate events

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[B]OracleAS ProcessConnect Architecture[/B][/COLOR]
OracleAS ProcessCOnnect provides a components-based,scalable,and reliable transactional architecture.
OracleAS ProcessConnect被设计为支持多种topologies.

■ Point-topoint integration,where only two parties are being integrated.
■ Hub-and-spoke model integration,where serveral different parties can be integrated with each other.
■ Hosted model integration, where multiple parties are connected with a hosted facility that serves as an integration hub between these parties.

同时,OracleAS ProcessConnect提供了单一的模块驱动功能来定义集成.允许应用一次定义后部署到不同的架构中去(与实际使用的topologies无关).
OracleAS ProcessConnect的Integration manager是个stateless的Java process,它会将运行期间的状态写入到metadata repository中去.在多实例情况下,会启动多个integration managers,这样吞吐能力也会提高.多个instances可以做load balancing,scalability,fail over.


[B]Oracle AS ProcessCOnnect Features[/B]
■ A single,compreshensive visual design toolset
■ Design-time and runtime repositories
■ A runtime integration manager
■ Data management facilities for translation,transformation,and validation
■ A standard-based adapter framework and a comprehensive set of adapters
■ Business process monitoring and business activity monitoring facilities
■ Systems monitoring and management facilities

下图则显示了OracleAS COnnectProcess的各种组件:
(这个chapter讲得太玄了.八知其所云.赶紧打住,因为下一chapter很重要.)

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[B]Chapter7 OracleAS Infrastructure[/B][/COLOR]
这个chapter很重要,因为今后管理AS就要用到,紧张.


[B]Introduction to OracleAS Infrastructure[/B]
OracleAS提供了工业标准的应用部署平台,此平台同时还提供强大的安全,管理特性.OracleAS Infrastructure用唯一的安全,目录,产品metadata framework来管理所有的应用程序,这样可以达到精简应用部署的目的.
OracleAS还提供了Oracle Identity Management(OID).
这样一个集成的infrastructure可以节省应用部署,开发的时间和成本.


[B]What is OracleAS Infrastructure?[/B]

OracleAS Infrastructure是一种installation type.
它为其它中间层提供了集中式产品metadata,安全服务,配置信息和data repositoris等.中间层通常使用Infrastructure的以下三种服务:
■ Product MetaData Service
OracleAS所有中间层instances所需的metadata都作为infrastructure的一部分存放.应用程序是不能直接访问产品metadata的.
Product Metadata Service由OracleAS Metadata Repository提供. 所有middle tier instances都可将其metadata集中存放于此,并可随时查询所需product metadata.

■ Identity Management Service(OID)
OID服务可以是OracleAS中统一身份管理的模型,所有的OracleAS应用都可使用它.它还提供了security metadata(其中含有所有管理和用户权限).Middle tier组件使用OIM来增强安全,集中管理authentication,管理密码.OID也属于OracleAS Infrastructure的一部分.

■ Management Services
用于支持Distributed Configuration Management(DCM)工具.DCM也将信息存放在metadata repoitory中.

(旁白:做数据库的公司,啥都朝里面存呀.BT.偶也只想做个纯粹的Oracle DBA,不过形势逼人,得学AS的管理.)

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[B]OracleAS Infrastructure Components[/B]
组件如下:
1. OracleAS Metadata Repository
2. Oracle Identity Management(由三小部分组成:OracleAS Single Sign-On/Oracle Internet Directory/OracleAS Cetificate Authority)
除了这些组件外,OracleAS Infrastructure中还安装了一个专用Oracle HTTP Server instance和OC4J instance.Infrastructure的组件通过这两个instance提供对外服务.
下面会详细介绍这些组件:


■ OracleAS Metadata Repository
就是存放信息的地方.信息可以是infrastructure自已的,也可以是中间层实例的一些配置/管理信息.OracleAS Metadata Repository可以使用新的数据库也可存放在原有的数据库中(这个和OEM的metadata模式是一样的).
如果将OracleAS Metadata Repository安装到新数据库中去时,infrastruce会创建一个新Oracle9i Enterprise Edition的数据库,其中含有demo data,schemas,常见middle tier instances所需的metadata. 也可以用Repository Creation Assistant工具在原有数据库中创建Metadata Repository.
通常,存放在数据库中的信息有两种:客户或应用数据,metadata.  
其中客户数据由客户应用生成,客户应用可以随时访问.
metadata中则含有middle tier的components特定的部署信息,因此middle tier instance或infrastructure的components都需要访问它们.而客户端应用则不能直接访问这些数据.例如:middle tier中的Portal应用会访问Portal metadata来获取如何汇集Portal的各部分的信息数据.
Metadata also includes demo data for many OracleAS components,such as data used by the Order Management Demo for BC4J.

总的来说Metadata Repository中存放了以下几类metadata:
1. Management metaData
2. Identify Management metadata
3. Product metadata
详见Table7-1

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[B]Using OracleAS Infrastructure with Middle Tier Installations[/B]
OracleAS提供三种中间层安装可选项.除了J2EE和Web Cache之外,其它安装都需要OracleAS Metadata Repository.
■ J2EE and Web Cache:
安装Oracle HTTP Server,OracleAS Container for J2EE,Web Cache,Web Services,BC4J,UDDI,and Oracle Enterprise Manager Application Server Control. OracleAS Metadata Repository是可选的,但Orace建议你安装它.
安装OracleAS Infrastructure允许建立database-based的OC4j clusters,也可使用Single Sign-On和其它身份管理,保护特性.
■ Portal and Wireless:
安装J2EE和Web Cache的所有组件,另外还会安装Portal,Syndication Services,Ultra Search,Discoverer和Personalization.这是需要OracleAS Metadata Repository的.
■ Business Intelligence and Forms:
安装J2EE和Web Cache的所有组件,Portal和Wireless,另外还会安装Forms,Reports,Discoverer和Personalization.这是需要OracleAS Metadata Repository的.

选择以上任一安装模式之一,其它的OracleAS Integration组件,例如OracleAS ProcessConnect,OracleAS InterCOnnect,Workflow都会自动安装.
Oracle Connect Management Software Developer Kit(CM SDK)则可在任一标准中间层安装时,独立地加进去安装.
Distributed COnfiguration Management(DCM)组件能管理中间层,将Portal,Wireless,Business Intelligence和Forms安装参数的metadata存放到OracleAS Metadata Repository中去.
对于J2EE和Web Cache ,DCM缺省使用file-based repository.如果你选择J2EE,Web Cache与Infrastructure关联安装,则file-based repository会move到database-based repository中去,并且能做database-managed OracleAS Clustering.



[B]OracleAS Metadata Repository Contents[/B]
在OracleAS Metadata Repository中存放了多种OracleAS组件的metadata.OracleAS Metadata Repository含有以下组件的metadata:
■ Distributed Configuration Management(DCM)
■ Oracle Internet Directory(OID)
■ OracleAS UDDI Registry(for Web Services)
■ Oracle Business Components for Java(BC4J)
■ OracleAS Portal
■ OracleAS Syndication Services
■ Oracle Ultra Search
■ OracleAS Single Sign-On(OSSO)
■ OracleAS Wireless
■ OracleAS Integration
■ Oracle Workflow
■ OracleAS Web Services
■ Online Analytical Processing(OLAP)
■ OracleAS Certificate Authority
可在Adminitrator's Guide中看到各组件的具体信息.


[B]Oracle Identity Management[/B]
Identify Management是指管理组织内网络实体的安生命周期的过程,常指管理组织内应用使用者.Oracle Identity Management是与Infrastructure集成的,可用于复杂的分布式,多应用环境下的集中安全管理.Oracle Identity Management Infrastructure含有以下组件:
■ OracleAS Single Sign-On
■ Oracle Internet Directory
■ Oracle Certificate Authority

[B]OracleAS Single Sign-On[/B]
就是用一个password访问多个应用程序.只需login到OracleAS一次,则可访问所有已授权的应用,而不需再次login.Oracle Single Sign-On从Oracle Internet Directory和LDAP v3兼容的directory中获取用户信息.

[B]Oracle Internet Directory[/B]
Oracle Internet Directory(OID)是Lightweight Directory Access Protocol(LDAP)在Oracle中的实现,version 3. Application instances,components,和infrastructure将安全和管理信息存放在directory中.Oracle Internet Directory为OracleAS提供authentication and a centralized user provisioning model,可以用这些在企业层面创建和管理用户.它还提供了单一的安全管理信息（如:OracleAS instance objects,OracleAS instance configuration,OracleAS component schema mappings,application group informaion by components(such as Portal)).当用户login时,OID凭证会在OracleAS Single Sign-On中authenticated,然后就可以seamlessly访问多个应用程序.
■ Directory Integration and Provisioning
Directory Integration and Provisioning(DIP)是Oracle Internet Direcotry的组件之一.
它允许OID和其它directories,user repositories和automatic provisioning services for Oracle components,applications,其它第三方应用之间通过standard interface同步信息. 通常,Provisioning an application表示创建和管理单独的用户帐号和它们的权限.
■ Delegated Administration Services
Delegated Administration Services(DAS)是OracleAS Internet Directory(OID)的组件之一.
It allows users and application administrators to perform trusted proxy-based administration of directory information. You can assign administrative responsibilities according to business requirements, and control security policies for different components of the enterprise.


[B]OracleAS Certificate Authority[/B]
OracleAS Certificate authority manages and publishes X.509v3 certificates to support PKI-based(strong) authentication methods. OracleAS Certificate Authority also serves as an assertion services, since the certificates it generates are assertions about a network's identity and its entitilements.

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[B]OracleAS Infrastructure Architecture[/B]
OracleAS Infrastructure provides centralized product metadata and security,configuration information,and data repositories for middle tier intallations.

■ OracleAS Metadata Repository含有三种metadata:
1. Product Metadata for middle tier instances.
2. Management Metadata for Distributed Configuration Management
3. Security Metadata for Oracle Internet Directory and OracleAS Single Sign-On

■ OracleAS Single Sign-On uses Oracle HTTP Server,the Delegated Administration Services(DAS) uses the Infrastructure OC4J instance,which are part of the J2EE and Web Cache instance that is embedded in OracleAS Infrastructure.

■ OracleAS Single Sign-On stores user information in Oracle Internet Directory.

OracleAS Infrastructure有几种不同的部署架构,这使其可根据企业的需求作出调整.常用的架构在Chapter12中讲到.

Figure 7-1显示了OracleAS Infrastructure的各组件如何紧密地工作,并向middle tier OracleAS instances提供服务.

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OK.现在可以学以致用了.
OracleAS的安装style与Oracle Database是一致的.

因偶们要用到forms,则一定需要使用并先安装Infrastructure,再安装Middle tier.
具体的安装步骤如下:
0. 安装前也需先规划ORACLE_HOME.INVENTORY,/TMP,/var/opt/oracle,group/user等

1.  Infrastructure Installation

1.1 选择[B]OracleAS Infrastructure 10g[/B]
1.2 需创建metadata repository, 因此选择[B]Identity Management and OracleAS Metadata Repository[/B]
1.3 选择[B]Install new OracleAS Infrastructure 10g[/B]
1.4 选择Identity Management的组件[B]Oracle Internet Directory, OracleAS Single Sign-ON,Delegated Administration Service, Oracle Directory Integration and Provisioning[/B]
1.5 使用Suggested Namespace.
1.6 输入Metadata Repository的[B] Global Database Name和SID[/B]
1.7 输入Metadata Repository的[B]SYS,SYSTEM用户的password并confirm[/B]
1.8 输入Metadata Repository的[B]Directory for Database Files[/B]
1.9 选择Metadata Repository的[B]Character set[/B]
1.A 输入[B]Infrastructure所在的AS Instance Name和ias_admin用户的password并confirm[/B](10g开始,在一台机器上的不同instance的ias_admin用户可用不同密码.)


2. Middle Tier Installation
2.1 选择[B]Oracle Application Server 10g[/B]
2.2 选择[B]Business Intelligence and Forms(1.47GB)[/B]
2.3 选择组件[B]OracleAS Discoverer, OracleAS Reports Services, OracleAS Forms Service[/B]
2.4 输入注册的OID信息[B]Host,Port[/B]
2.5 输入Login OID用户的[B]Username,Password[/B](cn=orcladmin)
2.6 选择OracleAS Metadata Repository的[B]Database Connection String[/B]
2.7 指定Middle tier Instance的[B]Instance name,ias_admin的password并confirm[/B]