【ASH】如何导出视图DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY的查询结果数据

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【ASH】如何导出视图DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY的查询结果数据

1.1  BLOG文档结构图

1.2  前言部分1.2.1  导读和注意事项

各位技术爱好者，看完本文后，你可以掌握如下的技能，也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识，~O(∩_∩)O~：

① 如何导出ASH数据--利用exp导出基表的数据（重点）

② 12c的expdp参数VIEWS_AS_TABLES选项

③ expdp工具不能导出哪些对象？

1.2.2  相关文章链接

12c的dmp文件导入11g中参考：【故障处理】IMP-00010错误 12C的dmp文件导入11G，地址为：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2128197/

1.2.3  本文简介

众所周知，视图只是一个查询数据的窗口，其不存储数据，所以在使用exp等工具导出的时候只能导出其定义，而不能导出视图的查询结果数据。在Oracle 12c中，可以采用expdp中的一个新增参数VIEWS_AS_TABLES来将视图作为表来导出，非常实用，不过对于一些特殊的表仍然不能采用expdp导出，例如SYS和SYSTEM下的一些表，AUD$表不能使用expdp来导出。

另外，对于一些安全类很高的系统是不允许随意创建表，也不允许使用PLSQL Developer等客户端的工具，那么若是查询DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY等视图的时候就非常不方便了，这个时候我们可以将该视图的内容导出来，然后导入到我们自己的测试库中就可以随意的进行分析了。那么，如何来导出这些数据的内容呢？本文将详细介绍这些内容。

1.3  如何导出ash数据？

根据前边的分析，我们知道视图的查询结果数据不能直接导出，那么我们可以导出这个视图的基表数据：

SELECT D.NAME, D.TYPE, D.REFERENCED_NAME, D.REFERENCED_TYPE

  FROM DBA_DEPENDENCIES D

WHERE D.NAME IN ('DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY',

                  'DBA_HIST_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME',

                  'DBA_HIST_PLAN_OPTION_NAME',

                  'DBA_HIST_SQLCOMMAND_NAME',

                  'DBA_HIST_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME')

   AND D.TYPE = 'VIEW'

ORDER BY D.NAME, D.REFERENCED_NAME;

主要涉及的表是图中方框里的去掉X$表后的7个表，其中最主要的还是WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY表，该表是一个分区表，导出的时候可以按照时间进行导出。其它表都是很小的表，可以全量导出。

下面尝试使用exp和expdp来导出。

1.3.1  expdp导出sys用户下的表报错ORA-39165 和ORA-39166

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ more /tmp/expdp_ash_lhr_01.par query=SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY:"WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')" [oracle@orcltest ~]$ [oracle@orcltest ~]$ expdp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR tables='SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY','SYS.WRM$_SNAPSHOT','SYS.WRH$_EVENT_NAME','SYS.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','SYS.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' dumpfile=expdp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/expdp_ash_lhr_01.par  EXCLUDE=STATISTICS VERSION=11.2.0.1  REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Dec 16 16:49:52 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_03":  "/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR tables=SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY,SYS.WRM$_SNAPSHOT,SYS.WRH$_EVENT_NAME,SYS.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME,SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME,SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME,SYS.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME dumpfile=expdp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/expdp_ash_lhr_01.par EXCLUDE=STATISTICS VERSION=11.2.0.1 REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 0 KB ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY was not found. ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRM$_SNAPSHOT was not found. ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_EVENT_NAME was not found. ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME was not found. ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME was not found. ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME was not found. ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME was not found. ORA-31655: no data or metadata objects selected for job Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_03" completed with 8 error(s) at 16:49:53

查询MOS：

DataPump Export (EXPDP) Fails With Error ORA-39165: Schema SYS Was Not Found (文档 ID 553402.1)

该文章给出了如下答案：

1. There is a restriction on dataPump export. It cannot export schemas like SYS, ORDSYS, EXFSYS, MDSYS, DMSYS, CTXSYS, ORDPLUGINS, LBACSYS, XDB, SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA, DIP, DBSNMP and WMSYS in any mode.  

2. The Utilities Guide indicates the restriction only on full export mode, but the restriction actually applies to all modes.

而：MOS：Why Can an Object Not Be Exported? Expdp of SYSTEM User's Table Returns ORA-39166 or ORA-31655 (文档 ID 2114233.1)列出来了哪些对象不能导出：

Objects (tables, views, schemas, etc) which fall under either of below conditions are not exported with expdp because they are regarded as system maintained objects.

Object is listed in ku_noexp_view.

This view is a union of ku_noexp_tab and noexp$ tables.

Objects that are listed in this view are not exported.

Object is ORACLE_MAINTAINED='Y' in ALL_OBJECTS (and DBA_OBJECTS).----针对12c

在视图sys.Ku_Noexp_View中或DBA_OBJECTS的ORACLE_MAINTAINED列为Y的对象不能导出。

SELECT * FROM sys.Ku_Noexp_View d WHERE d.name LIKE '%WRH%' ;

SELECT * FROM DBA_OBJECTS d WHERE d.ORACLE_MAINTAINED='Y' AND D.object_name LIKE 'WR%';

解决该报错的方法是：

1. 使用exp 导出

2.ctas的方法在不受限制的schema下创建表，然后导出该新建的表

3. use the DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT package of Audit Vault to manage and purge audit data (see Note 731908.1). This allows for the facility to move the AUD$ table out of the SYSTEM tablespace, which can negate the need to export the table.

注意：This issue also applies to other SYS owned auditing tables such as FGA_LOG$

1.3.2  采用exp导出ASH数据1.3.2.1  方法1：ctas建表导出，有的客户不让建表

CREATE TABLE ASH_TEMP_20161219  NOLOGGING AS SELECT *   FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY D WHERE D.SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN        TO_DATE('2016-12-01 02:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND        TO_DATE('2016-12-17 06:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') ; exp   \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219  file=/tmp/exp_ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp  log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.log  buffer=41943040 imp  lhr/lhr  tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219  file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp  log=/tmp/imp_ASH_TEMP_20161117.log  buffer=41943040

实验过程：

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Dec 19 09:51:09 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SYS@lhrdb> CREATE TABLE ASH_TEMP_20161219  NOLOGGING AS   2  SELECT *   3    FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY D   4   WHERE D.SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN   5         TO_DATE('2016-12-01 02:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND   6         TO_DATE('2016-12-17 06:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')   7  ; Table created. SYS@lhrdb> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@orcltest ~]$ [oracle@orcltest ~]$ [oracle@orcltest ~]$ exp   \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219  file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp  log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.log  buffer=41943040 Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 09:51:44 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ... . . exporting table              ASH_TEMP_20161219        102 rows exported Export terminated successfully without warnings. [oracle@orcltest ~]$ imp  lhr/lhr  tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219  file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp  log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.log  buffer=41943040 Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 09:52:20 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path Warning: the objects were exported by SYS, not by you import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set . importing SYS's objects into LHR . importing SYS's objects into LHR . . importing table            "ASH_TEMP_20161219"        102 rows imported Import terminated successfully without warnings. [oracle@orcltest ~]$

1.3.2.2  方法2：导出基表的数据

导出基表数据：

---more /tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par query="WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')" exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N  STATISTICS=NONE exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.log  GRANTS=N  CONSTRAINTS=N  STATISTICS=NONE

导入到测试用户：

imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_01.log  FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_02.log   FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRM$_SNAPSHOT PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_EVENT_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME PURGE;

实验：

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ more /tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par query="WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')" [oracle@orcltest ~]$ exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N  STATISTICS=NONE Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:25:05 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set Note: grants on tables/views/sequences/roles will not be exported Note: constraints on tables will not be exported About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ... . . exporting table    WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY . . exporting partition        WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_0         55 rows exported . . exporting partition       WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_35          0 rows exported . . exporting partition      WRH$_ACTIVE_SES_MXDB_MXSN          0 rows exported Export terminated successfully without warnings. [oracle@orcltest ~]$ exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.log  GRANTS=N  CONSTRAINTS=N  STATISTICS=NONE Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:25:12 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set Note: grants on tables/views/sequences/roles will not be exported Note: constraints on tables will not be exported About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ... . . exporting table                  WRM$_SNAPSHOT         23 rows exported . . exporting table                WRH$_EVENT_NAME       1152 rows exported . . exporting table           WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME        165 rows exported . . exporting table       WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME        130 rows exported . . exporting table          WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME        165 rows exported . . exporting table         WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME        151 rows exported Export terminated successfully without warnings. [oracle@orcltest ~]$ imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_01.log  FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:28:37 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path Warning: the objects were exported by SYS, not by you import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set . importing SYS's objects into LHR . . importing partition "WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY":"WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_0"         55 rows imported . . importing partition "WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY":"WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_35"          0 rows imported . . importing partition "WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY":"WRH$_ACTIVE_SES_MXDB_MXSN"          0 rows imported Import terminated successfully without warnings. [oracle@orcltest ~]$ [oracle@orcltest ~]$ [oracle@orcltest ~]$ imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_02.log   FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:27:26 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path Warning: the objects were exported by SYS, not by you import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set . importing SYS's objects into LHR . . importing table                "WRM$_SNAPSHOT"         23 rows imported . . importing table              "WRH$_EVENT_NAME"       1152 rows imported . . importing table         "WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME"        165 rows imported . . importing table     "WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME"        130 rows imported . . importing table        "WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME"        165 rows imported . . importing table       "WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME"        151 rows imported Import terminated successfully without warnings. [oracle@orcltest ~]$

接下来就是根据这些基表来创建自己的视图了，不再详述。

1.3.3  12c  expdp VIEWS_AS_TABLES选项

expdp VIEWS_AS_TABLES选项可以将视图看做表并将其数据导出。

expdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=expdp_vw.log VIEWS_AS_TABLES=lhr.my_view

表数据准备：

create table lhr.my_tab1 (nr number, txt varchar2(10)); insert into lhr.my_tab1 values (1,'Line 1'); insert into lhr.my_tab1 values (2,'Line 2'); create table lhr.my_tab2 (nr number, col2 number, col3 varchar2(10)); insert into lhr.my_tab2 values (1,1,'c3_1'); insert into lhr.my_tab2 values (2,2,'c3_2'); commit; create view lhr.my_view (nr, txt, col3) as    select t1.nr, t1.txt, t2.col3      from lhr.my_tab1 t1, lhr.my_tab2 t2     where t1.nr=t2.nr;

开始导出：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>expdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=expdp_vw.log VIEWS_AS_TABLES=lhr.my_view Export: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:31:49 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options 启动 "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  system/******** DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=expdp_vw.log VIEWS_AS_TABLES=lhr.my_view 正在使用 BLOCKS 方法进行估计... 处理对象类型 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA 使用 BLOCKS 方法的总估计: 16 KB 处理对象类型 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE . . 导出了 "LHR"."MY_VIEW"                             5.929 KB       2 行 已成功加载/卸载了主表 "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" ****************************************************************************** SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 的转储文件集为:   E:\APP\ORACLE\ADMIN\LHRDB12C\DPDUMP\EXPDP_VW.DMP 作业 "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" 已于 星期五 12月 16 16:32:36 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:31 成功完成

查看其DDL语句：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>impdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log sqlfile=a.txt Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:35:14 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options 已成功加载/卸载了主表 "SYSTEM"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" 启动 "SYSTEM"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01":  system/******** DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log sqlfile=a.txt 处理对象类型 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE 作业 "SYSTEM"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" 已于 星期五 12月 16 16:35:26 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:10 成功完成

DDL语句内容：

-- CONNECT SYSTEM ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'; ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 '; -- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE CREATE TABLE "LHR"."MY_VIEW"    ("NR" NUMBER, "TXT" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE), "COL3" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE)    ) SEGMENT CREATION DEFERRED   PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING   TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

进行导入：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:37:03 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> create user lhr01 identified by lhr; 用户已创建。 SQL> grant dba to lhr01; 授权成功。 SQL> exit 从 Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options 断开 C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>impdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log remap_schema=lhr:lhr01 Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:39:49 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options 已成功加载/卸载了主表 "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" 启动 "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02":  system/******** DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log remap_schema=lhr:lhr01 处理对象类型 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE 处理对象类型 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA . . 导入了 "LHR01"."MY_VIEW"                           5.929 KB       2 行 作业 "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" 已于 星期五 12月 16 16:39:57 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:06 成功完成

1.4  小结

--- 方法1：ctas建表导出 有的客户不让建表

CREATE TABLE ASH_TEMP_20161117  NOLOGGING AS SELECT *   FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY D WHERE D.SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN        TO_DATE('2016-11-10 02:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND        TO_DATE('2016-11-17 06:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') ; exp   \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables=ASH_TEMP_20161117  file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.dmp  log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.log  buffer=41943040

--- 方法2：导出基表的数据

采用exp导出ASH数据的命令：

---more /tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par query="WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')" exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N  STATISTICS=NONE exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'  tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.log  GRANTS=N  CONSTRAINTS=N  STATISTICS=NONE imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_01.log  FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_02.log   FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRM$_SNAPSHOT PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_EVENT_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME PURGE; DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME PURGE;

创建自己的ASH视图：

---- 11.2.0.3 create or replace view dh_ash_11g_lhr (snap_id, dbid, instance_number, sample_id, sample_time, session_id, session_serial#, session_type, flags, user_id, sql_id, is_sqlid_current, sql_child_number, sql_opcode, sql_opname, force_matching_signature, top_level_sql_id, top_level_sql_opcode, sql_plan_hash_value, sql_plan_line_id, sql_plan_operation, sql_plan_options, sql_exec_id, sql_exec_start, plsql_entry_object_id, plsql_entry_subprogram_id, plsql_object_id, plsql_subprogram_id, qc_instance_id, qc_session_id, qc_session_serial#, px_flags, event, event_id, seq#, p1text, p1, p2text, p2, p3text, p3, wait_class, wait_class_id, wait_time, session_state, time_waited, blocking_session_status, blocking_session, blocking_session_serial#, blocking_inst_id, blocking_hangchain_info, current_obj#, current_file#, current_block#, current_row#, top_level_call#, top_level_call_name, consumer_group_id, xid, remote_instance#, time_model, in_connection_mgmt, in_parse, in_hard_parse, in_sql_execution, in_plsql_execution, in_plsql_rpc, in_plsql_compilation, in_java_execution, in_bind, in_cursor_close, in_sequence_load, capture_overhead, replay_overhead, is_captured, is_replayed, service_hash, program, module, action, client_id, machine, port, ecid, dbreplay_file_id, dbreplay_call_counter, tm_delta_time, tm_delta_cpu_time, tm_delta_db_time, delta_time, delta_read_io_requests, delta_write_io_requests, delta_read_io_bytes, delta_write_io_bytes, delta_interconnect_io_bytes, pga_allocated, temp_space_allocated) as select /* ASH/AWR meta attributes */        ash.snap_id, ash.dbid, ash.instance_number,        ash.sample_id, ash.sample_time,        /* Session/User attributes */        ash.session_id, ash.session_serial#,        decode(ash.session_type, 1,'FOREGROUND', 'BACKGROUND'),        ash.flags,        ash.user_id,        /* SQL attributes */        ash.sql_id,        decode(bitand(ash.flags, power(2, 4)), NULL, 'N', 0, 'N', 'Y'),        ash.sql_child_number, ash.sql_opcode,        (select command_name from WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME         where command_type = ash.sql_opcode         and dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_opname,        ash.force_matching_signature,        decode(ash.top_level_sql_id, NULL, ash.sql_id, ash.top_level_sql_id),        decode(ash.top_level_sql_id, NULL, ash.sql_opcode,               ash.top_level_sql_opcode),        /* SQL Plan/Execution attributes */        ash.sql_plan_hash_value,        decode(ash.sql_plan_line_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.sql_plan_line_id),        (select operation_name from WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME         where  operation_id = ash.sql_plan_operation#           and  dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_plan_operation,        (select option_name from WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME         where  option_id = ash.sql_plan_options#           and  dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_plan_options,        decode(ash.sql_exec_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.sql_exec_id),        ash.sql_exec_start,        /* PL/SQL attributes */        decode(ash.plsql_entry_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),               ash.plsql_entry_object_id),        decode(ash.plsql_entry_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),               ash.plsql_entry_subprogram_id),        decode(ash.plsql_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),               ash.plsql_object_id),        decode(ash.plsql_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),               ash.plsql_subprogram_id),        /* PQ attributes */        decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_instance_id),        decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_session_id),        decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_session_serial#),        decode(ash.px_flags,      0, to_number(NULL), ash.px_flags),        /* Wait event attributes */        decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.event_name, NULL),        decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.event_id,   NULL),        ash.seq#,        evt.parameter1, ash.p1,        evt.parameter2, ash.p2,        evt.parameter3, ash.p3,        decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.wait_class,    NULL),        decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.wait_class_id, NULL),        ash.wait_time,        decode(ash.wait_time, 0, 'WAITING', 'ON CPU'),        ash.time_waited,        (case when ash.blocking_session = 4294967295                then 'UNKNOWN'              when ash.blocking_session = 4294967294                then 'GLOBAL'              when ash.blocking_session = 4294967293                then 'UNKNOWN'              when ash.blocking_session = 4294967292                then 'NO HOLDER'              when ash.blocking_session = 4294967291                then 'NOT IN WAIT'              else 'VALID'         end),        (case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295                then to_number(NULL)              else ash.blocking_session         end),        (case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295                then to_number(NULL)              else ash.blocking_session_serial#         end),        (case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295                then to_number(NULL)              else ash.blocking_inst_id           end),        (case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295                then NULL              else decode(bitand(ash.flags, power(2, 3)), NULL, 'N',                          0, 'N', 'Y')           end),        /* Session's working context */        ash.current_obj#, ash.current_file#, ash.current_block#,        ash.current_row#, ash.top_level_call#,        (select top_level_call_name from WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME         where top_level_call# = ash.top_level_call#         and dbid = ash.dbid) as top_level_call_name,        decode(ash.consumer_group_id, 0, to_number(NULL),               ash.consumer_group_id),        ash.xid,        decode(ash.remote_instance#, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.remote_instance#),        ash.time_model,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 3)),0,'N','Y')                                                          as in_connection_mgmt,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 4)),0,'N','Y')as in_parse,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 7)),0,'N','Y')as in_hard_parse,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,10)),0,'N','Y')as in_sql_execution,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,11)),0,'N','Y')                                                          as in_plsql_execution,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,12)),0,'N','Y')as in_plsql_rpc,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,13)),0,'N','Y')                                                        as in_plsql_compilation,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,14)),0,'N','Y')                                                        as in_java_execution,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,15)),0,'N','Y')as in_bind,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,16)),0,'N','Y')as in_cursor_close,        decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,17)),0,'N','Y')as in_sequence_load,        decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,5)),NULL,'N',0,'N','Y')                                                        as capture_overhead,        decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,6)), NULL,'N',0,'N','Y' )                                                            as replay_overhead,        decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,0)),NULL,'N',0,'N','Y') as is_captured,        decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,2)), NULL,'N',0,'N','Y' )as is_replayed,        /* Application attributes */        ash.service_hash, ash.program,        ash.module module,        ash.action action,        ash.client_id,        ash.machine, ash.port, ash.ecid,        /* DB Replay info */        ash.dbreplay_file_id, ash.dbreplay_call_counter,        /* stash columns */        ash.tm_delta_time,        ash.tm_delta_cpu_time,        ash.tm_delta_db_time,        ash.delta_time,        ash.delta_read_io_requests,        ash.delta_write_io_requests,        ash.delta_read_io_bytes,        ash.delta_write_io_bytes,        ash.delta_interconnect_io_bytes,        ash.pga_allocated,        ash.temp_space_allocated from WRM$_SNAPSHOT sn, WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY ash, WRH$_EVENT_NAME evt where      ash.snap_id          = sn.snap_id(+)       and  ash.dbid             = sn.dbid(+)       and  ash.instance_number  = sn.instance_number(+)       and  ash.dbid             = evt.dbid       and  ash.event_id         = evt.event_id;

do康解U

沙发，收藏再看，ash对于troubleshooting很有用

chaseydd

goog job